Chimney swift count needed before southern migration

The public is asked to report chimney swift sightings, to help monitor populations and locate important roost sites, before they begin their migration south. The call to count is part of Swift Night Out, a continent-wide effort held to raise awareness about the decline of chimney swifts.

According to the Wisconsin Chimney Swift Working Group, after swifts have finished raising their young, they gather in groups at communal roosting chimneys, before beginning their fall migration to South America.

While migrating through Wisconsin, from mid-April to early May, large numbers of chimney swifts can be found and heard, with their chittering sounds in the early evenings, ready to roost overnight, in brick chimneys.

“Volunteers all over the state of Wisconsin, have counted thousands and thousands of swifts roosting in chimneys over the past decade,” said Nancy Nabak, chair of the Wisconsin Chimney Swift Working Group. “It’s fascinating to watch, count and listen to swifts, as they circle and whirl above chimneys, before they roost for the night – it’s a visual sky concert.”

Although volunteers have counted large numbers of swifts since the program began, they’ve also documented the loss of many chimney swifts, because of the demolition or capping of chimneys, resulting in a loss of habitat for this federally protected bird. The Wisconsin Chimney Swift Working Group hopes to bring attention to finding ways to protect existing chimneys, therefore protecting the chimney swift population.

Last year, the Wisconsin Chimney Swift Working Group partnered with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, to create a cost-share program to preserve swift chimneys in need of repair. Through the program, the Vernon County Historical Society successfully restored a chimney at the Vernon County Historical Museum in Viroqua, which hosts hundreds of swifts.

Those who know of a chimney that needs repair and currently hosts swifts, are encouraged to contact the working group, via email, at helpchimneyswifts@gmail.com.

Chimney swifts nest in eastern North America, in the summer, and migrate to South America, in the fall, where they gather by the hundreds. Before European settlement, the birds nested in large hollow trees in old-growth forests. As these forests disappeared, the birds discovered brick chimneys as a replacement.

Brick chimneys work well for the birds, because they provide enclosed areas with a rough, vertical surface the birds can cling to, much like a hollow tree. Unlike most birds, chimney swifts do not perch on branches, but use the sharp nails on their tiny feet to cling to the sides of their roost.

According to the latest North American Breeding Bird Survey, the chimney swift population has declined by 72 percent in the past 50 years. Specific reasons for this loss are unknown, but pesticides, climate change and habitat loss, likely all play a role.

Chimney swifts have slender bodies, with long, curved wings and short, stubby tails (they look like a flying cigar or boomerang). They fly rapidly with nearly constant wing beats, often twisting from side to side. They also give a distinctive, high chittering call while in flight. They are the only bird that will drop into chimneys to roost for the night.

The following are ways the public can help:

• Look for tall brick chimneys that are uncapped. If there’s more than one chimney, do some scouting in the evenings, to determine where the swifts will roost. Watch for swifts swooping over the chimney for a while, before they enter. Be aware that the roost site choice can change from night to night, especially during migration.

• Pick one or more nights to monitor through September.

• Observe the roost starting roughly 20 minutes before sunset, until 10 minutes after the last swift enters the chimney. Stay in one location, even if swifts are not spotted right away. They may come to the site later. To be sure, stay 30 minutes after sunset, to know if it was active or not. If there are zero swifts in the chimney, record this, because it is still valuable information.

• Count (or estimate) the number of swifts as they enter the chimney. It’s useful to count in groups of five or 10, when they enter quickly in large numbers. A handheld clicker counter can be helpful.

• Submit data to eBird.org. Note that a free eBird.org account is required to log in and submit data. Map roost site to an exact address or point when prompted, for a location. After entering the number of chimney swifts, use the hashtag #SwiftWI in the chimney swift details section, making the data submission easier to access.

• Additional information can be added in the chimney swift details section, in this exact order, with semicolons separating the data: #SwiftWI; the type of building (residence, school, church, business, hospital, apartment, swift tower/structure, etc.); the condition of the chimney (in good shape, in need of repair); any other notes (example: #swiftwi; residence; chimney in need of repair; any other notes).

Find more information about chimney swifts and how to help protect them locally, at wiswifts.org.